The meaning of "justice" in the sayings and Sīrah of Imam Reza (as) based on Wittgenstein's theory of language games

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Assistant professor, department of Qur'an and Ḥadith Studies, University of Tehran

10.22081/csa.2024.77234

Abstract

In the Qur'an and Narrative, at least two roots are used for the meaning of justice: "justice (ʿAdl)" and "installment (qest)", both have different meanings, from justice and right judgment, moderation, putting everything in its appropriate and proper place, to deviation and crookedness and even injustice. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the meaning of "justice" in the sayings and the biography of Imam Reza (as), based on Wittgenstein's theory of language games. The main question of the paper is whether justice has the same meaning in all its applications or does it have more meanings? According to the conclusions of the study, justice in the sayings and the biography of Imam Reza (as) has at least three meanings: first, social justice or justice that has a social context and is opposed to oppression; second, moral justice; and third, justice means moderation. Social and moral justice is at the level of the words used in the sayings of Imam Reza and justice means moderation is at the propositional level, and it appears in its historical and political applications such as "Imam Reza was just".

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